How should screening for chronic kidney disease be performed
Chronic kidney disease, and the most advanced form of it, end stage renal failure have become a global medical problem as a consequence of pandemic increase in diabetes. Last decades brought evidence that loss of kidney function can be slowed down, or even halted by drugs that block renin-angiotensin system, decrease proteinuria and control hypertension. Those facts encouraged the activities on detection of early stages of kidney damage, where therapy is promissing the most benefit. Treatment of proteinuria is the most efficient measure for protection of kidney function loss. In patients with diabetes, screening and treatment of proteinuria is cost saving, in addition to prolonging life and slowing the need for dialysis treatment. Cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for proteinuria in population with hypertension in USA gave favourable result. At present, screening for proteinuria is not recommended for the whole population, but only for high risk groups such as people with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and family history of renal failure.
Key words:
chronic kidney disease, terminal renal failure, glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, prevention, screening for proteinuria
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