Exercise calculaton in diabetes management

Abstract:

In addition to diet and medications, exercise has been long considered a cornerstone of diabetes management. Physical activity increases peripheral insulin sensitivity, which makes it essential in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus where insulin resistance is the main pathogenetic mechanism. Not only that exercise improves the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but it also prevents it or delays its onset. Due to increased muscle sensitivity to insulin during exercise, insulin dosage for the treatment of diabetes mellitus should be reduced to prevent hypoglycemia. In patients with type 1 diabetes and uncontrolled glycemia, exercise may aggravate hyperglycemia. Before the start of systematic exercise program, patients with diabetes should be evaluated for possible diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications. Exercise is an important therapeutic method in the diabetes treatment, but in order for it to be successful, it is necessary to understand its risks and benefits.

Key words:
blood glucose; diabetes mellitus; diabetes mellitus, therapy; exercise