Dupilumab in the treatment of severe asthma and inflammation type 2

Abstract:

Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease. Allergens, toxins, viruses or bacteria stimulate the innate immune response by activating epithelial cells, which secrete cytokines. The resulting anti-inflammatory reaction is type 2 inflammation. Along with asthma, other diseases occur, for which type 2 inflammation is crucial in etiopathogenesis, such as chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis and eosinophilic esophagitis. In type 2 inflammation, which is mostly triggered by the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, treatment with the biological drug anti-IL-4 / IL-13 dupilumab is indicated. Dupilumab, a human monoclonal antibody, specifically binds to IL-4Rα, thereby inhibiting the dual signaling pathways of both IL-4 and IL-13. Dupilumab is registered in the Republic of Croatia in the indication as a maintenance therapy for severe asthma with type 2 inflammation, characterized by elevated eosinophil levels in the blood and / or elevated exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO), in adult patients and adolescents. Dupilumab has a proven efficacy and a good safety profile, and its use in patients with severe asthma and type 2 inflammation will reduce the patients' symptoms and improve their quality of life.

Key words:
asthma; biologic therapy; innate inflammatory responce