Ultrasound of inguinal or femoral hernia

Abstract:

The ultrasound is probably the best tool a clinician can use on a daily base. Although the diagnosis of an incarcerated hernia is clinically quite straightforward, there are frequent cases when the inguinal or femoral region must be evaluated in the emergency department. The ultrasound of these regions is an excellent tool that quickly shows whether we are dealing with a hernia or an incarcerated hernia. As with many other ultrasound protocols, the knowledge of anatomy is the key to recognizing the presence of a hernia. Anatomical landmarks such as the inferior epigastric artery, pubic tubercle, and great saphenous vein, along with methods of provocation such as placing the patient in a standing position and Valsalva manoeuvres can help making this examination successful.

Key words:
emergency care; femoral hernia; inguinal hernia; ultrasound