Early detection of tumors of the liver and hepatobiliary tract

Abstract:

Chronic viral hepatitis B and C and subsequent liver cirrhosis are the main risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Preventing HCC is achieved by directing toward the prevention and treatment of infections with hepatitis B or C, as well as reducing the influence of environmental factors such as alcohol abuse and obesity. It is necessary to monitor the patients who have risk factors in order to be able to detect HCC at an early stage, because it contributes to a more effective treatment. Cholangiocarcinomas arise from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts. Although they are rare, these cancers are highly lethal because they are detected at a later stage when the disease has already spread. Early detection of these tumors is very difficult, even though there are sophisticated imaging methods available, and it is necessary to follow up and monitor high-risk patients, particularly those with primary sclerosing cholangitis. 

Key words:
cholangiocarcinoma; early detection; hepatocellular carcinoma; risk factors