Cutaneous manifestations in patients with COVID-19

Abstract:

Cutaneous changes in COVID-19 infection have been reported since the beginning of the pandemic. However, in the beginning it was not easy to monitor and record events in the field of dermatology because most dermatologists were mobilized for triage and intensive care units. Also, an effort was made to reduce any contact that was not necessary and therefore most dermatological examinations were canceled. The most common cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 patients are: vasoocclusive lesions and vesicular lesions, erythematous rash, urticarial lesions, pseudofrostbite and other nonspecific skin changes. No skin changes are specific for COVID-19 infection, but they also appear as a clinical presentation of various viral diseases. Changes such as vasoocclusive lesions are associated with severe form and the worst outcome of the disease. Erythematous rash most commonly occurs in women, and urticaria has been reported as an early or prodromal sign of COVID-19 infection. Pseudo-frostbite is often not accompanied by systemic symptoms, mimics frostbite in appearance, but occurs without prior exposure to cold and is common in the pediatric population. Among the younger age groups, the occurrence of pediatric multiform inflammatory syndrome (PIMS) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which has numerous similarities with Kawasaki disease that has been triggered by other Coronaviruses, has been reported. After recovering from COVID-19 disease, many patients have persistent symptoms and / or chronic complications such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neuropsychiatric. This condition is called post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and can affect almost any organ system

Key words:
erythematous rash; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome; pseudofrostbite; skin changes COVID-19; vasoocclusive lesions