Hidradenitis suppurativa: recent insights into etiopathogenesis and treatment

Abstract:

Due to its chronic-recurrent course, painful lesions, and the malodorous discharge from the lesions, HS significantly impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. The etiopathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. Still, it is known to be a multifactorial condition involving multiple immune pathways, including the activation of the Th1/ Th17 immune response, plasma cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Additionally, genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of the disease. In support of the systemic nature of this disease, numerous comorbidities are associated with HS, including metabolic syndrome and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, depression, and rheumatic diseases. HS treatment depends on the disease's severity and includes medication treatment, surgical treatment, and adjuvant therapy. Conventional medication therapy often involves topical and/ or systemic antibiotics. Biological therapy is indicated in patients with moderate to severe forms of the disease who have not achieved satisfactory therapeutic effects with conventional treatment.

Key words:
comorbidities; etiopathogenesis; hidradenitis suppurativa; treatment