Type 2 asthma

Abstract:

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes and endotypes, manifested by chronic inflammation, hyperreactivity, and variable bronchial obstruction. Based on the pathophysiologic mechanism, two main asthma endotypes can be distinguished: T2-high and T2-low. In patients with severe asthma, and given the availability of simple biological markers and targeted therapy, this division is particularly important. At the T2-phenotype level, asthma is characterized by atopy and/or eosinophilic airway inflammation. Biologic drugs targeting and inhibiting key mediators of type 2 inflammation (IgE, IL-5, IL-5 and IL-4/IL-13 receptors) have significantly improved treatment and outcomes in patients with severe T2 asthma.

Key words:
biologics; endotype; monoclonal antibodies; severe asthma